What does the term 'underwriting' refer to in insurance?

The term 'underwriting' in insurance specifically refers to the process of assessing risk. This involves evaluating the likelihood of a potential loss occurring and the potential impact of that loss on the insurer. Underwriters analyze various factors, such as the applicant's health history, lifestyle, financial stability, and the type of coverage requested, to determine the level of risk associated with insuring that individual or entity.

By accurately assessing risk, underwriters can make informed decisions about whether to accept or decline applications for insurance coverage and under what terms. This assessment also influences the pricing of premiums, as higher risks generally lead to higher premiums to adequately cover potential future claims.