Which of the following is considered a pure risk?

A pure risk is defined as a situation in which there is a possibility of loss but no opportunity for gain. The key characteristic of pure risk is that it involves only unfavorable outcomes, such as accidents, natural disasters, or theft, where the only possible scenario is a financial loss. This stands in contrast to speculative risks, which can result in both positive and negative outcomes, allowing for the possibility of profit.

The other types of risks listed do not align with the definition of pure risk. A risk that may result in a profit or loss indicates the presence of speculative risk, where outcomes can be favorable or unfavorable. A risk with guaranteed outcomes does not align with the concept of risk at all since true risks involve uncertainty. Finally, a risk that can be hedged against suggests that there are methods to manage or mitigate that risk, further distancing it from the characteristics of pure risk, which involve no opportunity for gain.